Syria became a member in 2013 as part of a deal brokered by the U.S. and Russia after a chemical attack in eastern Ghouta killed hundreds of people. That attack was widely blamed on government forces, who denied responsibility."

They never had the chance to investigate before this strike took place.

UMBC/ICMA Survey of Local Government Cybersecurity Practices

In 2016, the International City/County Management Association (ICMA), in partnership with the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), conducted a survey to better understand local government cybersecurity practices. The results of this survey provide insights into the cybersecurity issues faced by U.S. local governments, including what their capacities are, what kind of barriers they face, and what type of support they have to implement cybersecurity programs.

The survey was sent on paper via postal mail to the chief information officers of 3,423 U.S. local governments with populations of 25,000 or greater. An online submission option was also made available to survey recipients. Responses were received from 411 of the governments surveyed, yielding a response rate of 12%.

A summary of the results written by ICMA staff is available here.